JUSTIÇA DE SÃO PAULO DETERMINA QUE O MUNICIPIO AUTORIZE A EXPEDIÇÃO DE NOTAS FISCAIS ELETRÔNICAS.
9 de fevereiro de 2024
Por que Rússia deve crescer mais do que todos os países desenvolvidos, apesar de guerra e sanções, segundo o FMI
18 de abril de 2024Brazil said on Thursday that it would suspend sanctions on US imports in retaliation for illegal American cotton subsidies, temporarily defusing one of the most contentious disputes in international trade.
The deal will extend until 2012 a holding arrangement in which the US pays Brazilian farmers $147.3m a year and promises to cut subsidies in future. In return, Brazil will hold off imposing blocks on imports or ignoring patents and copyrights, which it is entitled to do after a World Trade Organisation panel declared the US cotton support programme illegal.
Brazilian officials said they expected permanent reforms to be introduced when US agricultural support was revised in the five-yearly “farm bill”, which is next renewed in 2012. “This is not a final solution, but it lays out elements that will allow for consultations and reforms to the farm bill that will take place by the end of 2012,” Roberto Azevedo, Brazil’s ambassador to the WTO, said. “Brazil doesn’t rule out taking countermeasures at any moment”.
Brazil won the landmark case against the US in 2004 when a WTO judicial panel ruled that lavish US cotton handouts had the effect of dumping subsidised cotton on the world market. The US has about a third of the global cotton export market and federal handouts give its cotton growers up to $4bn a year. Washington has since struggled to comply with the ruling, with its farmers objecting to cuts in the so-called “Step 2” payments made to cotton exporters. A further WTO ruling authorised Brasília to impose more than $800m sanctions on US exports, including a landmark decision that would have permitted Brazil to ignore patents and copyrights – a move fiercely opposed by the influential US pharmaceutical and music industries.
Nefeterius McPherson, for the US trade representative, said on Thursday: “This framework demonstrates how our two countries . . . [together] can solve problems. We hope to build upon this positive development to forge a stronger bilateral trading relationship with Brazil.”
Cotton has been one of the most contentious areas in the so-called “Doha round” of trade talks. Four west African cotton growers, which have limited ability to threaten the US with trade sanctions through the WTO, have led a campaign demanding cotton subsidies be cut sharply as part of any deal. But the US has refused to deal with the issue separately from the rest of the agricultural talks in Doha.