Obama to refocus on Latin America amid Chinese push

President Barack Obama travels to Latin America this week seeking to reassert economic leadership in a region Washington once dominated but where it now faces growing competition from China.

On his first trip south of the border in nearly two years, Obama will visit countries where many are skeptical a president preoccupied with Middle East unrest, Japan’s nuclear crisis and U.S. domestic problems can offer much to an increasingly independent-minded Latin America.

His March 19-23 tour takes him to South American powerhouse Brazil, free-market success story Chile and tiny El Salvador.

Obama’s challenge will be to convince Latin Americans, who have long chafed at U.S. perceptions of their countries as Washington’s “backyard,” about his commitment to making the region a priority for trade and investment at a time when China is seizing the initiative there.

The trip also has important political implications at home. The White House is touting Latin America as a fertile market for increased exports that Obama sees as a path to creating U.S. jobs, considered crucial to his 2012 re-election chances.

But Latin America, buoyed by growth outstripping the U.S. recovery, is not only diversifying economically but showing it is no longer as willing to take its cues from Washington.

“We can’t ignore the Western Hemisphere nor can we take it for granted, because other people are moving in very quickly and very effectively,” said Eric Farnsworth, vice president of the Council of the Americas.

UNMET EXPECTATIONS

Obama raised expectations at the 2009 Summit of the Americas in Trinidad when he promised an “equal partnership” with Latin America based on mutual respect and shared values.

It was seen as a welcome change of tone in a relationship that was often marked by heavy-handed use of U.S. military and economic power for much of the 20th century and evolved into a policy of neglect over the past decade after many countries underwent democratic transformations from military rule.

Though Washington’s image has improved from the lows of the Bush era and Obama remains personally popular in Latin America, diplomatic advances have failed to materialize along with hopes for significant easing of a long-standing U.S. embargo on communist Cuba and reform of U.S. immigration laws.

There has also been disappointment at Obama’s failure so far to win congressional approval for stalled trade pacts with Colombia and Panama, and over what was widely seen as a muddled U.S. response to the 2009 coup in Honduras.

Preoccupied with crises abroad, budget battles in Congress and his own re-election bid, Latin America seems to have slipped down Obama’s agenda, although the White House insists he has been “deeply engaged,” meeting the region’s leaders regularly at world summits.

“The other countries very much want to see the U.S. engaged in international economic affairs and show leadership.” Obama’s deputy national security adviser, Mike Froman, told reporters before the trip. “I think the president has done that.”

U.S. officials hope that Obama’s trip — his most extensive to the region since taking office — will reassure America’s closest neighbors and help bolster ties.